{"id":"W2973083343","doi":"10.1007/978-3-030-18707-1_4","title":"The Reduction of the Continuous to the Discrete in the Nineteenth and Early Twentieth Centuries","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"˜The œWestern Ontario series in philosophy of science","topic":"History and Theory of Mathematics","field":"Mathematics","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"","keywords":"Infinitesimal; Calculus (dental); Character (mathematics); Function (biology); Mathematics; Continuous function (set theory); Mathematical economics; Epistemology; Philosophy; Mathematical analysis","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001025019,0.0003802369,0.0004163059,0.001691504,0.005888693,0.006157867,0.0007166906,0.001348315,0.007267806],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0027623,0.000414305,0.0002180921,0.002476129,0.02863597,0.002921409,0.001950851,0.003711676,0.0008036168],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.03634261,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.01438132,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.5315668,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.6772785,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9990765,0.0002551912,0.00003559382,0.0001618142,0.0002517308,0.0002190693],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992777,0.0002547382,0.00006506219,0.00007882907,0.0002185289,0.0001052446],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002316444,0.000007578994,0.0001611133,0.00003647905,0.000002214049,0.00004727548,0.008367556,0.00008421578,0.00007761377,0.9810601,0.003923559,0.006209149],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000433868,0.0000237834,0.003838739,0.0002900901,0.00001063588,0.0001007066,0.004372034,0.000292265,0.0003154993,0.2729645,0.7177207,0.00002759464],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.03876261,0.01948287,0.004288411,0.009213699,0.001316365,0.00005130436,0.0002851685,0.00004381971,0.9265557],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.639859,0.01140508,0.002519744,0.001723783,0.0005792127,0.00006757677,0.0001269459,0.0001447644,0.3435739],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9941113,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9423838,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.02608238354011846,"score_gpt":0.2472922348907664,"score_spread":0.221209851350648,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}