{"id":"W2973201497","doi":"10.1186/s40643-019-0268-2","title":"Effect of feedstock and microwave pyrolysis temperature on physio-chemical and nano-scale mechanical properties of biochar","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Bioresources and Bioprocessing","topic":"Thermochemical Biomass Conversion Processes","field":"Engineering","cited_by":116,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of New Brunswick","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; New Brunswick Innovation Foundation","keywords":"Biochar; Pyrolysis; Softwood; Materials science; Char; Composite material; Raw material; Porosity; Graphite; Biomass (ecology); Microwave; Charcoal; Pulp and paper industry; Chemistry; Organic chemistry; Metallurgy","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00009019244,0.0002064089,0.0003560632,0.00007645963,0.00003614083,0.00003597443,0.00008631096,0.0001785879,0.00000706356],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001785261,0.0001402573,0.00004130815,0.0001571908,0.0001759039,0.00006483182,0.00007909929,0.0001021105,0.000001343863],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000007681657,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000005297084,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00000483103,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":2.454376e-7,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9992272,0.00001451574,0.0002001113,0.00025986,0.0001403712,0.0001579948],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996681,0.00004770729,0.00006464017,0.0001104822,0.00003433982,0.00007478852],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001647067,0.00001482711,0.0004606456,0.002410754,0.00003091059,2.857e-7,0.0002317975,6.309149e-7,0.9894899,0.000003169673,0.000007257184,0.00718513],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000473569,0.0002135231,0.00007840977,0.0005779835,0.00004397033,0.000006934631,0.0001524267,0.0001655386,0.9980775,0.000009612379,0.00002908663,0.0001714044],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9942015,0.005524847,0.000001031578,0.00003534662,0.00002341585,0.0001284068,0.000008684387,0.00004916529,0.00002754508],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9996915,0.0001097796,0.0001137701,0.00001631557,0.00002374652,0.000003585873,0.00000252812,0.00002160487,0.00001720939],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.008587657,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5719528,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.003313047295043784,"score_gpt":0.1722594827683002,"score_spread":0.1689464354732565,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}