{"id":"W2973773541","doi":"10.1016/j.neubiorev.2019.09.023","title":"Neurological and psychiatric adverse effects of long-term methylphenidate treatment in ADHD: A map of the current evidence","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews","topic":"Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder","field":"Medicine","cited_by":112,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"Cilag; NIHR Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre; Economic and Social Research Council; Medical Research Council; Servier; National Institute of Mental Health; Horizon 2020 Framework Programme; KU Leuven; Fidia Farmaceutici; Bundesinstitut für Arzneimittel und Medizinprodukte; Fonds Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek; Bundesministerium für Gesundheit; Volkswagen Foundation; Nuffield Foundation; Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft; Universiteit Gent; Vlaamse regering; University of Oxford; European Commission; British Association for Psychopharmacology; Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung; National Institute for Health and Care Research; Wellcome Trust; University of Southampton; H. Lundbeck A/S; Sunovion; Eli Lilly and Company; American University of Beirut; Solent NHS Trust; Pfizer","keywords":"Methylphenidate; Psychiatry; Discontinuation; Adverse effect; Tics; Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder; Depression (economics); Intervention (counseling); Medicine; Psychosis; Psychology; Pediatrics","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.003318604,0.001075607,0.003671897,0.006280324,0.0004015937,0.002030583,0.001180764,0.001236015,0.0038124],"category_scores_gemma":[0.007979558,0.0005043621,0.003123129,0.005220588,0.0006218852,0.001690005,0.001086071,0.001605084,0.0003964365],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001554411,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.003534875,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.004296229,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.009347267,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9978764,0.0004988782,0.0007036766,0.0002056095,0.0006305437,0.00008495033],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9913708,0.006104047,0.001428217,0.0001041302,0.0008854299,0.0001074205],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"systematic_review","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001627948,0.00003174332,0.0006813883,0.3478797,0.001909881,0.0001532394,0.0002076506,0.0003009299,0.0003954459,0.001766524,0.01065441,0.6358563],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00009193864,0.0002397452,0.006602657,0.6706705,0.01236286,0.001461255,0.0004412278,0.0002728894,0.0003909078,0.003676977,0.303721,0.00006801952],"study_design_candidate":"systematic_review","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.0001091957,0.9992824,0.0000425043,0.0002522001,0.00007080636,0.000010378,0.00003620216,0.000003143831,0.0001930822],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.001200225,0.99826,0.0001587883,0.0001904612,0.00007005259,0.00001236986,0.00003505344,0.000001346932,0.00007168647],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.006280324,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.01755071,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.2639846278316615,"score_gpt":0.4767269735493701,"score_spread":0.2127423457177086,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}