{"id":"W2974154820","doi":"10.2118/196026-ms","title":"Unconventional Shale Hydraulic Fracturing Under True Triaxial Laboratory Conditions, the Value of Understanding Your Reservoir","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition","topic":"Hydraulic Fracturing and Reservoir Analysis","field":"Engineering","cited_by":16,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Geology; Hydraulic fracturing; Geotechnical engineering; Bedding; Oil shale; Borehole; Outcrop; Rock mechanics; Sedimentary rock; Triaxial shear test; Petrology; Geomorphology; Shear (geology); Geochemistry","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003687313,0.0001774346,0.0002765668,0.0001361897,0.000138381,0.00005707227,0.0001781013,0.0001926746,0.0003725749],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00004142045,0.0001361748,0.0001238589,0.0002671537,0.0001588758,0.0003131584,0.00006179329,0.0003937354,0.00003707263],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00009872088,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00005356973,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000624996,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00003660001,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9987595,0.00007418879,0.000359296,0.0002438442,0.0003159236,0.0002472552],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993201,0.0001465214,0.0000774104,0.0002824678,0.00008836719,0.00008514665],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0005103882,0.0005785288,0.006938613,0.001671153,0.001234002,0.00005498714,0.002701123,0.5650029,0.1342707,0.2597436,0.02598347,0.001310593],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.01069803,0.001643992,0.1300388,0.003126802,0.001094662,0.0001604165,0.03235893,0.1953797,0.1150682,0.4833082,0.02297964,0.0041427],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9730412,0.0002958991,0.01824003,0.001600275,0.0001955795,0.0002920455,0.0001478927,0.0002265553,0.00596052],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9992763,0.0001863577,0.00008507491,0.0001039968,0.0001158779,0.00001423258,0.00007729871,0.00001995668,0.0001209078],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3696232,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5553046,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.02454399095271005,"score_gpt":0.261748648966096,"score_spread":0.237204658013386,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}