{"id":"W2974158131","doi":"10.1139/cjps-2019-0114","title":"Widespread herbicide resistance in pigweed species in Ontario carrot production is due to multiple photosystem II mutations","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Canadian Journal of Plant Science","topic":"Weed Control and Herbicide Applications","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Guelph","funders":"Agricultural Adaptation Council; Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs; Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada; Ontario Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs","keywords":"Biology; Weed; Photosystem II; Mutant; Mutation; Gene; Botany; Genetics; Agronomy; Photosynthesis","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001460416,0.000211075,0.0001962717,0.0008994931,0.001121445,0.0004520919,0.0003274422,0.0002178732,0.001030574],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002775032,0.0001653074,0.0002114954,0.0006804486,0.000445266,0.0001689508,0.0002944612,0.0001934248,0.0001312386],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.003003073,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00165749,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.3148502,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.6785071,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9997248,0.00001279091,0.0000132428,0.00008431943,0.00009943751,0.00006550179],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997154,0.00002425104,0.0001174364,0.00001977011,0.00006975411,0.000053486],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002553691,0.00006188273,0.2253679,0.00009365853,0.00004204409,0.001522879,0.001489908,0.000123942,0.7571251,0.0001063318,0.000187797,0.01362317],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000004912921,0.00009339437,0.9878083,0.000008929394,0.0000178367,0.0004823991,0.0005621557,0.000116396,0.009048573,0.00001803316,0.001828131,0.0000108202],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9987842,0.0001751793,0.0001357933,0.00002778543,0.000001825565,0.00001237493,0.0001195639,0.00001019185,0.0007330677],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9978974,0.0001760423,0.0004856811,0.00002698348,0.000001178474,0.00000803417,0.0002773444,0.00000594165,0.001121406],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3148502,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.626035,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01689675639980475,"score_gpt":0.1899354000504451,"score_spread":0.1730386436506403,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}