{"id":"W2975979677","doi":"10.1007/s12182-019-00369-1","title":"Performance comparison of novel chemical agents in improving oil recovery from tight sands through spontaneous imbibition","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Petroleum Science","topic":"Enhanced Oil Recovery Techniques","field":"Engineering","cited_by":32,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Saudi Aramco; National Science and Technology Major Project; Education Department of Shaanxi Province; China Scholarship Council; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Imbibition; Pulmonary surfactant; Chemical engineering; Enhanced oil recovery; Chemistry; Petroleum engineering; Cationic polymerization; Oil sands; Oil droplet; Materials science; Organic chemistry; Geology; Composite material; Emulsion","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002240828,0.0004721039,0.0003264442,0.0003996944,0.0001065809,0.0002562743,0.0002177324,0.0003125404,0.0007733532],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004011572,0.0001372935,0.0002373273,0.0002604716,0.0001346636,0.000319579,0.0002111257,0.0002687753,0.0002099223],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001656005,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001660679,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0006164901,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001293824,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9998023,0.00003090839,0.00003171841,0.00003667293,0.00006748722,0.00003094313],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996778,0.00008050673,0.00009946943,0.00002001656,0.00007432771,0.00004788032],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000150072,0.00003325281,0.0001115549,0.00007462913,0.000006729971,0.00001265936,0.000007571445,0.0001205596,0.9972626,0.00001635455,0.00001303506,0.002190955],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000004170095,0.0002818231,0.0002900645,0.000002747543,0.00001228429,0.00001006219,0.000005259066,0.0004110574,0.9986797,0.000002777938,0.0002969602,0.00000306073],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9955825,0.001615465,0.001962786,0.00002217897,0.00002401345,0.00003286428,0.00008538306,0.00005437732,0.000620385],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9892118,0.001631148,0.007526136,0.00003360177,0.00001206918,0.00005403101,0.0001196451,0.00002273165,0.001388861],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.0007733532,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.00258708,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.0148553736043411,"score_gpt":0.2532764396801386,"score_spread":0.2384210660757975,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}