{"id":"W2976790611","doi":"10.1016/j.insmatheco.2019.09.002","title":"Budget-constrained optimal insurance with belief heterogeneity","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Insurance Mathematics and Economics","topic":"Insurance and Financial Risk Management","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":29,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Deductible; Actuarial science; Indemnity; Event (particle physics); Insurance policy; Reinsurance; Monotone polygon; Consistency (knowledge bases); Econometrics; Economics; Mathematical economics; Complement (music); Simple (philosophy); Mathematics","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.006474836,0.001872747,0.005922689,0.001719799,0.0007569798,0.004324534,0.002976144,0.004501432,0.009424099],"category_scores_gemma":[0.04294783,0.003296686,0.001758431,0.001736367,0.003251236,0.006077995,0.003385175,0.00402567,0.0005315971],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.004134793,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.002914468,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01843416,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.007233439,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9968099,0.001613016,0.000179478,0.0004678581,0.0003185462,0.0006111676],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9699029,0.02489484,0.002283179,0.0008494116,0.0007214706,0.001348129],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0005259,0.0002095662,0.001440299,0.0002806365,0.0002968712,0.0004380567,0.00020945,0.610594,0.0006031147,0.373179,0.004212745,0.008010274],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002054189,0.00005590287,0.0006128707,0.00005555068,0.0000723303,0.00006752434,0.00007292625,0.7454808,0.0001318877,0.2527264,0.0004785433,0.00003982352],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.2814361,0.00467899,0.6651056,0.01730029,0.000392192,0.0002829926,0.002421492,0.0005014711,0.02788093],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9540133,0.001344764,0.0254363,0.000536526,0.0003240777,0.0002266716,0.0006453735,0.0001367896,0.01733618],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.01843416,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.03665376,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01406673572131212,"score_gpt":0.1948958727996959,"score_spread":0.1808291370783838,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}