{"id":"W2977632221","doi":"10.1503/cjs.017016","title":"Use of instrumented lumbar spinal surgery for degenerative conditions: trends and costs over time in Ontario, Canada","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Canadian Journal of Surgery","topic":"Spine and Intervertebral Disc Pathology","field":"Medicine","cited_by":18,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Queen's University; University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Medicine; Lumbar; Surgery; Lumbar spinal stenosis","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000416246,0.0002527488,0.0003388883,0.002171118,0.001337928,0.00122459,0.001061709,0.000432059,0.00187599],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00222639,0.0002818083,0.0006032892,0.006249584,0.0005852657,0.0004980175,0.0006310921,0.000526899,0.0001786775],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.03675211,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0314333,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.9931495,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9960161,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9988955,0.00004493854,0.0001049562,0.0001079075,0.0005383728,0.0003083447],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9951271,0.0001736443,0.001836764,0.0000634371,0.001939919,0.0008592191],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000378045,0.0000212954,0.9934937,0.00008352144,0.00005031718,0.0001064654,0.000366086,0.0001689303,0.0001240003,0.0000810187,0.001342757,0.004124092],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000002813417,0.00001192529,0.9984755,0.00003326466,0.00001597672,0.00006534001,0.0004480428,0.0002422079,0.00002428644,0.000009662886,0.0006652148,0.000005716679],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9816386,0.003107036,0.0001347744,0.001290601,0.00001859474,0.00003733986,0.01080416,0.0000228412,0.002946105],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9939573,0.002000823,0.0001970016,0.0001611588,0.00001298257,0.00001685881,0.002602452,0.00000686972,0.001044505],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.03675211,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2666565,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.04723158420806716,"score_gpt":0.2586378056085626,"score_spread":0.2114062214004955,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}