{"id":"W2978151455","doi":"10.22329/il.v39i3.5100","title":"Educating Students to Consistency via Argumentation","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Informal Logic","topic":"Education and Critical Thinking Development","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Universidade de Lisboa; Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore","keywords":"Argumentative; Reductio ad absurdum; Argumentation theory; Consistency (knowledge bases); Norm (philosophy); Intervention (counseling); Epistemology; Process (computing); Computer science; Psychology; Mathematics education; Artificial intelligence; Philosophy","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004995711,0.00005234112,0.00006570471,0.00004725052,0.0002352238,0.0001097802,0.0001931653,0.00003598681,0.001560823],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001528682,0.00004907239,0.00002231845,0.0001712641,0.00003409487,0.0002068463,0.00004208991,0.00006232709,0.00358921],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008708528,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001822422,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000164363,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00004392266,"domain_scores_codex":[0.999104,0.00003163017,0.0001732552,0.00008855404,0.0003845743,0.0002179433],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996192,0.00005778277,0.00003452263,0.00007590387,0.0000876708,0.0001248998],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001268195,0.0002066375,0.3056752,0.00002961126,0.00002059811,0.000001014188,0.1399286,0.00001841268,0.000133704,0.4976666,0.001867623,0.05443929],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006396066,0.0002320082,0.459231,0.0001069509,0.00001677469,0.000003848037,0.1061672,0.00001538425,0.0003156769,0.03330017,0.3993184,0.0006528666],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.6879104,0.000007037958,0.0001668209,0.002978244,0.001088528,0.0002758983,3.716164e-7,0.00005031686,0.3075224],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9807519,0.000003903209,0.003083608,0.009003518,0.00007765971,0.00002159921,0.000004682549,0.000002595955,0.007050517],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4643664,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9993519,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.02827418914085004,"score_gpt":0.3761712352610462,"score_spread":0.3478970461201961,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}