{"id":"W2978593131","doi":"10.1111/anti.12579","title":"Smuggling, Trafficking, and Extortion: New Conceptual and Policy Challenges on the Libyan Route to Europe","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Antipode","topic":"Migration, Refugees, and Integration","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":54,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"Nederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek","keywords":"Extortion; Argument (complex analysis); Criminology; Human trafficking; Irregular migration; Humanity; Organised crime; Crimes against humanity; Political science; Refugee; Seekers; Sociology; Law; Ethnology; War crime","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00464492,0.0005758568,0.0005768618,0.002653453,0.009121387,0.01282964,0.001100073,0.00293014,0.005544204],"category_scores_gemma":[0.003039634,0.000224319,0.0002298808,0.003331083,0.02919883,0.008959819,0.007810895,0.003260534,0.0001343294],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.006996828,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.005928396,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01349089,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01492114,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9971569,0.001971081,0.00007682361,0.0001513258,0.0001709563,0.0004730485],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9978675,0.001414125,0.000242529,0.00008538891,0.0002147021,0.0001757485],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005449874,0.00008066145,0.01233057,0.0002624328,0.00001324927,0.001391951,0.235019,0.0004688842,0.0001639751,0.726764,0.001370711,0.02208009],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000009745618,0.00005144303,0.009098708,0.001663305,0.00001008093,0.0004110984,0.849975,0.0005272324,0.0001390253,0.08194216,0.05614161,0.00003052553],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8295391,0.02057316,0.002017653,0.04817582,0.0003177768,0.00004140808,0.00006285884,0.000009872306,0.09926242],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9932157,0.003792653,0.0002788365,0.0007178895,0.0000823505,0.00002596716,0.000014438,0.000004221973,0.001867807],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01349089,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.05076575,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.04052492913097982,"score_gpt":0.3074475779916591,"score_spread":0.2669226488606793,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}