{"id":"W2980489753","doi":"10.1016/j.chemgeo.2019.119329","title":"Carbon mass balance, isotopic tracers of biogenic methane, and the role of acetate in coal beds: Powder River Basin (USA)","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Chemical Geology","topic":"Coal Properties and Utilization","field":"Engineering","cited_by":23,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"American Chemical Society Petroleum Research Fund; U.S. Geological Survey; Carbon Management Canada; University of Arizona; Northwestern University; National Science Foundation","keywords":"δ13C; Geology; Isotopes of carbon; Methanogenesis; Sulfate; Stable isotope ratio; Isotopic signature; Alkalinity; Geochemistry; Methane; Environmental chemistry; Total organic carbon; Chemistry; Paleontology","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001554434,0.0001136761,0.0001734267,0.0004917767,0.000750354,0.0005273605,0.0003782464,0.0003982516,0.000774334],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003094303,0.0002255423,0.0001175441,0.0007633647,0.0003400889,0.0004507667,0.0002872101,0.0003394746,0.0001216382],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0009096689,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0008173555,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.1656673,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.255442,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9999275,0.00001108908,0.000004661156,0.00002017038,0.00002760191,0.000008944755],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999903,0.00002423122,0.00001271481,0.000004772553,0.00004296576,0.00001238591],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001101187,0.0002615421,0.8710496,0.00008326685,0.0002164108,0.0005133615,0.0007288232,0.004907884,0.08080959,0.001501202,0.00198266,0.0368445],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00003512546,0.00005916542,0.9741315,0.000008839424,0.00004359843,0.00009748897,0.0003548483,0.008715057,0.01397186,0.0002923229,0.00228227,0.000007937988],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9970004,0.00007916022,0.0002141709,0.0001874656,0.000002927651,0.000004272025,0.0004801377,0.00001787233,0.00201342],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9988128,0.00006445363,0.0003382678,0.00002796865,0.000002166391,0.00000327286,0.0001890618,0.000004993115,0.0005570419],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1656673,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.329406,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.004033250385655171,"score_gpt":0.1759297171144085,"score_spread":0.1718964667287534,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}