{"id":"W2982254455","doi":"10.1093/mnras/staa280","title":"The effects of population III radiation backgrounds on the cosmological 21-cm signal","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society","topic":"Radio Astronomy Observations and Technology","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":70,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation; Solar System Exploration Research Virtual Institute; National Aeronautics and Space Administration; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Physics; Astrophysics; Stars; COSMIC cancer database; Population; Star formation; Black hole (networking)","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007193753,0.0004950023,0.0002198421,0.0003132734,0.0001888895,0.0005959385,0.0005126853,0.0003001739,0.001578179],"category_scores_gemma":[0.003586725,0.0001694754,0.000391826,0.0002398837,0.0002828726,0.0004133494,0.0007262934,0.0003858697,0.0001648528],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000399998,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001721059,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002594718,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001324416,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9998114,0.00007139409,0.000007305903,0.00004703482,0.00002874032,0.00003430836],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9982255,0.001004574,0.0003028224,0.0001908996,0.000114507,0.0001617433],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001945025,0.0001785127,0.3923973,0.0001388419,0.0003728188,0.0007563662,0.0002679451,0.4650335,0.1050368,0.01030523,0.0005498112,0.0230179],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00008559105,0.0008527611,0.2252943,0.00003113412,0.0001852757,0.0002223549,0.0001776565,0.7203423,0.04882637,0.00263138,0.001285763,0.00006515275],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9951727,0.00004821058,0.002865347,0.00004532958,0.000003771502,0.000005644497,0.0001306454,0.00007316985,0.001655182],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9989902,0.00001891325,0.0006762068,0.0000120508,0.000002218443,0.000003687677,0.0001198341,0.00002709968,0.0001497141],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.002594718,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.005279541,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.008987643083647244,"score_gpt":0.1994225436557489,"score_spread":0.1904349005721016,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}