{"id":"W2982360580","doi":"10.5539/jel.v8n6p103","title":"Empirical Research on Pedagogical Dictionary Use in Recent 30 Years","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Education and Learning","topic":"Lexicography and Language Studies","field":"Arts and Humanities","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Lexicography; Statistic; Empirical research; Field (mathematics); Descriptive statistics; Computer science; Data science; Mathematics education; Linguistics; Statistics; Psychology; Mathematics","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.006547085,0.000179052,0.0006940372,0.007270875,0.001104344,0.004486287,0.0007316038,0.0007803965,0.004939449],"category_scores_gemma":[0.03991741,0.0003041647,0.0003674564,0.01983119,0.002224266,0.008199698,0.002295756,0.001306968,0.001066587],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001839316,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.002197044,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.004286199,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01083697,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9947571,0.001550741,0.0008689801,0.0008628363,0.001686338,0.0002740411],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9414538,0.03211692,0.01381326,0.002008546,0.008640418,0.00196713],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002092624,0.0002900946,0.5018846,0.006670818,0.0001802572,0.001030792,0.0969407,0.0002935915,0.001554523,0.01898705,0.009122198,0.3628361],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001053218,0.0001402889,0.6787729,0.004002426,0.0001328501,0.001465391,0.09744591,0.0004806908,0.001415687,0.002303951,0.2137622,0.00006725983],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8787473,0.07737806,0.002504663,0.006762472,0.0004465047,0.0000573051,0.002033029,0.00005424414,0.03201644],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9343117,0.05298642,0.002992331,0.001317897,0.0004347794,0.00006154956,0.002181116,0.00008115535,0.005632984],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.007270875,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0346247,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.3173902292515892,"score_gpt":0.460073324163108,"score_spread":0.1426830949115189,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}