{"id":"W2983329882","doi":"10.1016/j.mtsust.2019.100028","title":"Chemical and physical modifications of starch for renewable polymeric materials","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Materials Today Sustainability","topic":"biodegradable polymer synthesis and properties","field":"Materials Science","cited_by":277,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Biopolymer; Raw material; Renewable resource; Biodegradation; Renewable energy; Starch; Polymer science; Polymer; Natural polymers; Bioplastic; Materials science; Plasticizer; Waste management; Pulp and paper industry; Chemical engineering; Chemistry; Organic chemistry; Composite material; Engineering","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0009645043,0.0002323299,0.0006612897,0.00005585654,0.0001170909,0.0001285172,0.000293126,0.0001140892,0.0008544383],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002612151,0.0001820209,0.00006402311,0.0001009732,0.0003267043,0.0002173559,0.0001763291,0.00003341674,0.0000168512],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008104881,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001749781,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001861579,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000003111347,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9980174,0.0002169311,0.0005446143,0.0005458573,0.0002112571,0.000463959],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9985699,0.0002373936,0.0002082295,0.0006404212,0.0002558893,0.00008816006],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000573486,0.0001562524,0.0001266789,0.0009898583,0.000009819013,1.867607e-7,0.0005707158,0.000001960839,0.9952179,0.001529519,0.0000588112,0.0007648412],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003223131,0.0001610251,0.0003186529,0.0000215485,0.00002894968,0.000001914482,0.0005942898,0.00001988098,0.9926186,0.005257687,0.0004356581,0.0002194606],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9969873,0.0004044256,0.00008266391,0.0006276462,0.0003151171,0.0009398333,0.0004913972,0.00006055007,0.0000910032],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9984216,0.00000891923,0.0007160629,0.00002869455,0.0001068622,0.000244696,0.00002536486,0.00002760893,0.0004201665],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.003728167,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9355501,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.0148429083638849,"score_gpt":0.2534505804244706,"score_spread":0.2386076720605856,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}