{"id":"W2983752450","doi":"10.1007/s10664-019-09784-9","title":"An experimental scrutiny of visual design modelling: VCL up against UML+OCL","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Empirical Software Engineering","topic":"Data Visualization and Analytics","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Computer science; Unified Modeling Language; Visual modeling; Comprehension; Notation; Software engineering; Programming language; Software; Mathematics","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.02085971,0.0008294821,0.001017139,0.001109619,0.001403037,0.003568996,0.001655203,0.001739938,0.008040471],"category_scores_gemma":[0.1809776,0.0007228522,0.0007034208,0.0009934367,0.004433906,0.003336428,0.004447305,0.002540358,0.0009520988],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.002083938,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0006806433,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0009323481,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0006051406,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9752604,0.01720006,0.001549427,0.00256385,0.002748046,0.0006782675],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.6597048,0.3018301,0.01213927,0.01619636,0.008517168,0.001612269],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.02466706,0.04034578,0.03223583,0.00470244,0.0003604106,0.001487854,0.4178413,0.01585133,0.1794612,0.03828235,0.005107139,0.2396573],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0115568,0.1471937,0.1881706,0.002824886,0.001219231,0.001601718,0.1448295,0.08817034,0.2550402,0.06604195,0.0920186,0.001332412],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9898594,0.00007643249,0.005363362,0.000153868,0.00004438634,0.0005627376,0.00006449379,0.00008325647,0.003792089],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9875223,0.00005481522,0.009214248,0.0001073742,0.00003455771,0.001439149,0.0001072693,0.00009249076,0.001427771],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.02085971,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1103179,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.04332768921336913,"score_gpt":0.3190907181283654,"score_spread":0.2757630289149963,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}