{"id":"W2984651096","doi":"10.1080/09588221.2019.1681465","title":"An examination of the studies on foreign language teaching in pre-school education: a bibliometric mapping analysis","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Computer Assisted Language Learning","topic":"Digital literacy in education","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":98,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Foreign language; Citation; Psycholinguistics; Citation analysis; Applied linguistics; Language education; Mathematics education; Information and Communications Technology; Educational technology; Computer science; Field (mathematics); Psychology; Pedagogy; Library science; Linguistics; World Wide Web; Cognition","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[{"model":"gemma","categories":["bibliometrics"],"domain":null,"study_design":"observational","genre":"empirical","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"low","status":"direct model label, unvalidated"},{"model":"gpt","categories":["bibliometrics"],"domain":null,"study_design":"observational","genre":"review","about_ca_system":false,"about_ca_topic":false,"confidence":"low","status":"direct model label, unvalidated"}],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":["bibliometrics"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.01147891,0.0005385646,0.001580676,0.1236708,0.001517002,0.005561836,0.000813869,0.0006384227,0.004336022],"category_scores_gemma":[0.04457159,0.0002710691,0.001981897,0.1540484,0.0007887885,0.003696894,0.002242784,0.0004259896,0.000488415],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001852641,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.004421064,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.003578592,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.004313772,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9854795,0.003397651,0.00368324,0.0008056767,0.006236704,0.0003971067],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9396594,0.04237247,0.006507321,0.002465368,0.008388655,0.0006067975],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002847443,0.0002045574,0.4554011,0.05186689,0.004146817,0.001400493,0.02196757,0.00121108,0.003945599,0.01075764,0.009610985,0.4392026],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00004615611,0.0002853485,0.8191053,0.01249495,0.004294766,0.002046896,0.04154718,0.001764164,0.003267942,0.004603951,0.1104385,0.0001049387],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.757271,0.1620717,0.009292968,0.004141322,0.0003951546,0.001492698,0.01385124,0.0002518568,0.05123212],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9369166,0.04630485,0.007667794,0.0001720466,0.0002572139,0.0008597641,0.005826208,0.00005121399,0.001944427],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.8763292,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.06070703,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01484112560340749,"score_gpt":0.3143350200127951,"score_spread":0.2994938944093876,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}