{"id":"W2984998249","doi":"10.1111/cag.12576","title":"Appreciating the heterogeneity in the unity of Africa: A socio‐ecological perspective on Africa's geographies","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Canadian Geographies / Géographies canadiennes","topic":"International Development and Aid","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Geopolitics; Politics; Diversity (politics); Colonialism; Poverty; Geography; Sociology; Political economy; Development economics; Political science; Anthropology; Economics","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002290694,0.000485204,0.0003726549,0.00697746,0.02239213,0.01050249,0.0008588012,0.0009781735,0.002119435],"category_scores_gemma":[0.002117553,0.0001918878,0.0001905406,0.006807619,0.03932415,0.006006698,0.005740103,0.002109955,0.00009091416],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.02854763,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0135433,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.5657518,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.6753855,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9984936,0.0007069401,0.00002838745,0.00008338875,0.0001919849,0.0004957335],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9986681,0.0007611298,0.0001484901,0.00005091142,0.0001426756,0.0002288085],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001125342,0.00000983234,0.003572327,0.0000812396,0.000005699946,0.0006538249,0.4075357,0.0003277814,0.0003229721,0.5739223,0.002852587,0.01070448],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000002809588,0.000009835761,0.01243924,0.0002963456,0.0000116406,0.0003782274,0.753962,0.0002987599,0.0001283469,0.07904679,0.1534036,0.00002246643],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.4632533,0.02449622,0.005533433,0.0722473,0.0003396445,0.00009566505,0.0002473,0.000037785,0.4337494],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9931819,0.003636341,0.0007191895,0.0004661366,0.00005096815,0.00001165731,0.00002196076,0.000009046777,0.001902858],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4342482,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8736112,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.0188234594870382,"score_gpt":0.2417497100029601,"score_spread":0.2229262505159219,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}