{"id":"W2985864624","doi":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.135540","title":"Filtration behaviors and fouling mechanisms of ultrafiltration process with polyacrylamide flocculation for water treatment","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Science of The Total Environment","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":79,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"Lakehead University","funders":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Ultrafiltration (renal); Flocculation; Fouling; Filtration (mathematics); Polyacrylamide; Water treatment; Chemistry; Chromatography; Process (computing); Pulp and paper industry; Environmental science; Membrane; Environmental engineering; Engineering; Computer science; Mathematics","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002168213,0.0003167104,0.0002223006,0.0003083146,0.0003012294,0.0002903438,0.000173748,0.0003188447,0.0003879172],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003289987,0.000145525,0.0004234347,0.000208212,0.0001675184,0.0004068561,0.0001208851,0.0003230636,0.0001123972],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003234232,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002179784,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002038817,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00196179,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9998671,0.00001695971,0.00001051689,0.00002261065,0.00004094095,0.00004190856],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998755,0.00002802146,0.00003443391,0.000005087252,0.00003941742,0.00001745391],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002141654,0.00005065975,0.0008291568,0.00005489507,0.00001347069,0.00004439492,0.00006526551,0.0003442478,0.9951501,0.0000591339,0.00005195111,0.003122589],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000005415574,0.0003168879,0.007080547,0.00000599971,0.00002860064,0.00005555351,0.00004612153,0.001917626,0.9901333,0.00002282061,0.0003725902,0.00001465831],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9986358,0.0004625591,0.0006306942,0.00001857882,0.00001160839,0.000004517974,0.00003214182,0.00001495689,0.0001890038],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9986835,0.0002970591,0.0004676308,0.00001281764,0.000004991517,0.000005128165,0.00005131205,0.00000462261,0.0004728456],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.002038817,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.00405395,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.008471935173613982,"score_gpt":0.218025418127343,"score_spread":0.209553482953729,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}