{"id":"W2987763647","doi":"10.1002/cjce.23672","title":"Modelling of solid formation by heterogeneous reactions through a multicomponent transport model of diluted ionic species: Simulation of barite fouling in a geothermal heat exchanger","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Calcium Carbonate Crystallization and Inhibition","field":"Materials Science","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Mass transfer; Heat exchanger; Heat transfer; Multiphysics; Thermodynamics; Materials science; Mechanics; Phase (matter); Crystallization; Fouling; Ionic bonding; Chemistry; Chemical engineering; Ion; Membrane; Finite element method; Physics","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002021859,0.00008004646,0.0002178147,0.00009873533,0.00001472476,0.000006000072,0.00009420828,0.00006119478,0.00004599327],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001828281,0.00007094084,0.00008067834,0.0001144136,0.00003275861,0.0001888938,0.000004657902,0.0001069277,2.661104e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001596406,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00007992188,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0008039838,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00006670148,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9990109,0.00001239457,0.0005921339,0.00006208218,0.0001825682,0.0001399893],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994795,0.00004423396,0.0001886199,0.00008978521,0.0001302672,0.00006761705],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001405833,0.000006399251,0.000002946636,0.00005000584,0.000002856319,2.749925e-7,0.0006130059,0.5048692,0.4944151,0.00002377844,3.388988e-7,0.000002024949],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002109635,0.00001040192,0.000001982914,0.0001460299,0.000007616521,0.000004915923,0.00001665952,0.588132,0.4113988,0.0000263863,0.000006989943,0.0000372447],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8555551,0.00007560072,0.1441309,0.00003539753,0.00005102894,0.00009397394,0.00004112102,0.000002919337,0.00001402123],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9993262,0.00000768171,0.0006114639,0.00001003873,0.00001856973,0.000001173965,0.000009323475,0.0000117355,0.000003844656],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1437711,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2892883,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.02823610919109601,"score_gpt":0.2163082287268063,"score_spread":0.1880721195357103,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}