{"id":"W2989945495","doi":"10.1063/1.5140824","title":"Optical control of single-photon negative-feedback avalanche diode detector","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Applied Physics","topic":"Advanced Optical Sensing Technologies","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":24,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"H2020 Marie Skłodowska-Curie Actions; European Commission; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canada Foundation for Innovation; National Natural Science Foundation of China; National Key Research and Development Program of China; China Scholarship Council","keywords":"Avalanche photodiode; Detector; Photocurrent; Single-photon avalanche diode; Avalanche diode; Diode; Photodiode","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0008450067,0.0004408569,0.0002482531,0.0003076187,0.0004024881,0.0009088118,0.00128008,0.0005828306,0.001768732],"category_scores_gemma":[0.002499833,0.0002200992,0.00016335,0.0002316524,0.0009400285,0.0007176347,0.000497793,0.0005564497,0.0002331516],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0008197523,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000544644,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0005477379,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0008309947,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9990057,0.0001327935,0.00004339468,0.0002731532,0.0004296784,0.000115321],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9978465,0.001001454,0.0004237554,0.0001928237,0.0003782256,0.0001572165],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002619637,0.0001039574,0.001032487,0.00007145132,0.00001502267,0.000185438,0.0001049104,0.002738586,0.9820355,0.00566016,0.0003230412,0.007467515],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001405249,0.0004081457,0.001356239,0.00002527995,0.00002445205,0.0002409877,0.00004045613,0.1060117,0.8853302,0.003943869,0.002427954,0.00005015475],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8959995,0.0003582155,0.0909796,0.0009317212,0.0005401596,0.0001356033,0.0001913617,0.0006335275,0.01023034],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9928492,0.00005633867,0.006046458,0.00007188736,0.00001871386,0.0000216109,0.00001290487,0.00001464653,0.000908124],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.001768732,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.005947769,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01733853251038963,"score_gpt":0.2293531520769852,"score_spread":0.2120146195665956,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}