{"id":"W2990098419","doi":"10.32405/2617-3107-2019-1-6","title":"BILINGUALISM AS A PEDAGOGICAL PROBLEM IN THE USA AND CANADA","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Education Modern Discourses","topic":"Second Language Learning and Teaching","field":"Arts and Humanities","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Neuroscience of multilingualism; Bilingual education; Foreign language; Competence (human resources); Process (computing); Realization (probability); Linguistics; Mathematics education; Subject (documents); Pedagogy; Computer science; Sociology; Psychology; Mathematics; Library science","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001876128,0.0001902614,0.0003265509,0.001907117,0.02672369,0.006079625,0.001021148,0.001917363,0.002454371],"category_scores_gemma":[0.005024781,0.0002854902,0.0001972061,0.004977291,0.007110554,0.001537993,0.003391625,0.003859479,0.0001333859],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.08744555,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.1979739,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.9905522,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9944864,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9960297,0.000639363,0.00009797369,0.0002653648,0.00106038,0.001907132],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9962696,0.0008803083,0.0002653202,0.00006640598,0.001093176,0.001425149],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000113651,0.0001157126,0.04307032,0.0002343306,0.00002627707,0.005761877,0.5290568,0.0003135064,0.00118338,0.3102109,0.03126241,0.07865077],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00002176617,0.00002591943,0.05853831,0.0003716359,0.00002923651,0.001140971,0.5455374,0.0004264588,0.0006120228,0.007802579,0.3854107,0.00008313192],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.7232993,0.007377141,0.0005989728,0.07298432,0.0004895501,0.00008108636,0.0002157623,0.00005223837,0.1949016],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9756663,0.002345138,0.0003466039,0.004158999,0.00003607445,0.00002174561,0.00006018987,0.00002714738,0.01733775],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.08744555,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6344649,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.03742404749666817,"score_gpt":0.3126579179259445,"score_spread":0.2752338704292763,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}