{"id":"W2990428470","doi":"10.1186/s13059-019-1824-y","title":"DNA methylation aging clocks: challenges and recommendations","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Genome biology","topic":"Epigenetics and DNA Methylation","field":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology","cited_by":1103,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Institute of Genetics; National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases; National Institute of Mental Health; National Institute for Health and Care Research; National Institute on Aging; Department of Health and Social Care; Medical Research Council; National Institutes of Health; RWTH Aachen University; Economic and Social Research Council; University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust; Nederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek; Alzheimer’s Research UK; Cancer Research UK; Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council; ZonMw; Joint Programming Initiative A healthy diet for a healthy life; Deutsche Krebshilfe; National Natural Science Foundation of China; National Cancer Institute; University of Bristol; Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft; Diabetes UK; Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung; National Science Foundation; UCLH Biomedical Research Centre; American Association for Cancer Research","keywords":"Biology; Epigenomics; DNA methylation; Epigenetics; Human genetics; Evolutionary biology; Computational biology; Longevity; Biomarker; Molecular clock; Population; Genetics; CpG site; Gene; Gene expression; Demography","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.006909284,0.001279356,0.002548076,0.002341524,0.0007339865,0.003153894,0.00353847,0.006379347,0.007773729],"category_scores_gemma":[0.01099395,0.0004732927,0.001191826,0.001729773,0.002259276,0.007540448,0.002275105,0.009520723,0.007000255],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.002155741,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.005616257,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002984283,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.004601558,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9986262,0.0003981406,0.0002015076,0.0002813952,0.0003813939,0.0001112292],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9904912,0.005053862,0.0004908624,0.0002621859,0.003021262,0.0006807925],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008078812,0.00006174064,0.0002362375,0.01161799,0.00007623254,0.0003048705,0.0002300805,0.0004135464,0.0006937897,0.02347926,0.2539321,0.7088734],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001085893,0.00003509492,0.0002314975,0.00459011,0.00004222466,0.0004060912,0.0001652223,0.00008287538,0.0001284895,0.01479144,0.979488,0.00002807634],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.00007830114,0.9468912,0.0009325101,0.04314745,0.006786472,0.00001450034,0.00008829076,0.00007000392,0.001991289],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.00105449,0.9738884,0.002035224,0.01406287,0.005026068,0.0000537984,0.0001387154,0.00002294855,0.003717581],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.007773729,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.03654021,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.0875488202517343,"score_gpt":0.3625280585721039,"score_spread":0.2749792383203696,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}