{"id":"W2992101516","doi":"10.29173/alr2582","title":"Financing Disputes: Third-Party Funding in Litigation and Arbitration","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Alberta Law Review","topic":"International Arbitration and Investment Law","field":"Business, Management and Accounting","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"BP (Canada); Toronto Public Health","funders":"","keywords":"Sophistication; Expropriation; Arbitration; Finance; Business; Third party; State (computer science); Order (exchange); Transaction cost; Economics; Law; Political science; Market economy","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.02053304,0.0007087854,0.001050744,0.004098759,0.01564865,0.02877052,0.003758023,0.01908184,0.01068372],"category_scores_gemma":[0.03459722,0.0007300099,0.001493313,0.006017603,0.05035185,0.02045441,0.01241404,0.009810475,0.0008528613],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.04433583,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.03363756,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.2006602,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.1390545,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9722848,0.01208768,0.001127509,0.001994495,0.007134583,0.005370961],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9755878,0.01677364,0.002367065,0.001732734,0.002384643,0.001154214],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000001978175,0.000002680921,0.0001131383,0.00001042856,0.00000111653,0.000070493,0.001122239,0.0001445451,0.000009191981,0.9962832,0.0008054124,0.001435369],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000280526,0.00001542716,0.0008040564,0.0007039398,0.00001906314,0.0004309661,0.004180775,0.002295369,0.0001973599,0.8421078,0.1491623,0.00005491522],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"other","genre_scores_codex":[0.02774148,0.02321528,0.0735617,0.05780099,0.0006692673,0.0002717357,0.0001271614,0.0001035946,0.8165088],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9252279,0.01044373,0.01205207,0.00512786,0.000921606,0.0003337451,0.00007010183,0.00006311249,0.04575994],"genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":"other","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2006602,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3989845,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01682559672554437,"score_gpt":0.2395680241790935,"score_spread":0.2227424274535491,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}