{"id":"W2994331305","doi":"10.2175/193864710798217098","title":"Addressing Reverse Osmosis Fouling Within Water Reclamation — A Side-By-Side Comparison of Low-Pressure Membrane Pretreatments","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Proceedings of the Water Environment Federation","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Guelph","funders":"","keywords":"Reverse osmosis; Fouling; Chemistry; Membrane fouling; Effluent; Forward osmosis; Pulp and paper industry; Membrane; Membrane bioreactor; Filtration (mathematics); Chromatography; Membrane technology; Permeation; Osmosis; Environmental engineering; Environmental science","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004534895,0.0002435798,0.0002883207,0.00004923175,0.0003460186,0.00009626256,0.0003876944,0.0002037041,0.0005503634],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000545256,0.0001333188,0.00008433546,0.00006803812,0.0003470534,0.0007517453,0.0003629056,0.0002662342,0.00008002917],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008722882,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000002943817,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00008065957,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00002247019,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9980122,0.00002071688,0.000655403,0.0004067377,0.0006293303,0.000275582],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999251,0.00001632452,0.0004103458,0.0002577119,0.000019025,0.00004556205],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004709789,0.0001481876,0.01542953,0.00008990188,0.00003087988,6.730528e-8,0.002705105,0.003418795,0.9770542,0.00002390414,0.0004327711,0.0006195771],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003975503,0.000060376,0.0008879186,0.00005660527,0.0000755283,0.000002301903,0.0004302959,0.005763319,0.9910331,0.0004671255,0.0006465085,0.0001793337],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9961391,0.000009262636,0.00009304457,0.001191153,0.0001351666,0.0008611669,0.000005870503,0.00005994311,0.00150529],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9964318,0.00001179525,0.002266626,0.00004592598,0.00001932699,0.00008509269,0.00002942509,0.0000249949,0.001085011],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01454162,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6026093,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.02115494970048331,"score_gpt":0.2466087956650217,"score_spread":0.2254538459645384,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}