{"id":"W2995032841","doi":"10.1103/physrevresearch.3.023079","title":"Gauge freedom, quantum measurements, and time-dependent interactions in cavity QED","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Physical Review Research","topic":"Strong Light-Matter Interactions","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":48,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Queen's University","funders":"Moonshot Research and Development Program; Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology; Japan Science and Technology Agency; RIKEN; Army Research Office; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; QuantERA; Banco Bilbao Vizcaya Argentaria; Russian Foundation for Basic Research; Nippon Telegraph and Telephone; Japan Society for the Promotion of Science; Foundational Questions Institute; Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades; Asian Office of Aerospace Research and Development","keywords":"Coupling (piping); Quantum; Gauge (firearms); Gauge theory; Cavity quantum electrodynamics; Photon; Quantum phases; Electromagnetic field; Quantum field theory","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00059967,0.0001511118,0.0003642991,0.00008700922,0.000143983,0.0000949274,0.0001925016,0.00001119711,0.001801658],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000164291,0.0001383289,0.0001277211,0.0004743448,0.00007982649,0.0002338345,0.000251803,0.0007891314,0.001164294],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001149797,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001222102,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0008928789,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00008290835,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9976648,0.0006125069,0.0002817894,0.0004203769,0.0006001532,0.0004203777],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9985389,0.0004786204,0.00005237443,0.0004406675,0.0003336652,0.0001557771],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000915408,0.008118441,0.08141907,0.002122528,0.0007757857,0.00009079593,0.000885434,0.00003504545,0.6623259,0.03491848,0.1504136,0.05880337],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.006773779,0.0005889576,0.1099623,0.02642149,0.0007365121,0.00008476461,0.00204641,0.005688114,0.3568705,0.1517423,0.3354049,0.003679963],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.901907,0.008316102,0.0001731542,0.00894769,0.0004114193,0.00150927,0.0001718231,0.00006407977,0.07849946],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9975504,0.00006511383,0.00005950367,0.00007581728,0.0003265652,0.0002171447,0.00004851997,0.00002168433,0.001635245],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3054554,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9996134,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.1508930427378997,"score_gpt":0.4609544817029143,"score_spread":0.3100614389650146,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}