{"id":"W2995918088","doi":"10.1186/s12859-019-3158-x","title":"Benchmarking machine learning models for late-onset alzheimer’s disease prediction from genomic data","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"BMC Bioinformatics","topic":"Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research","field":"Medicine","cited_by":72,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"National Institute on Aging; National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering; Canadian Institutes of Health Research; National Institutes of Health; IXICO; Centre hospitalier régional universitaire de Lille; H. Lundbeck A/S; Development of Innovative Strategies for a Transdisciplinary approach to ALZheimer's disease; Eisai; Genentech; Erasmus Medisch Centrum; Servier; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale; Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung; Hjartavernd; Northern California Institute for Research and Education; Pfizer; Biogen; BioClinica; F. Hoffmann-La Roche; Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología; Wellcome Trust; University of Southern California; Université de Lille; Eli Lilly and Company; U.S. Department of Defense; Medical Research Council; Meso Scale Diagnostics; Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative; National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute; Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation; Bristol-Myers Squibb; Alzheimer's Association; Foundation for the National Institutes of Health","keywords":"Machine learning; Computer science; Artificial intelligence; Disease; Benchmarking; Neuroimaging; Dementia; Selection (genetic algorithm); Medicine; Bioinformatics; Biology; Pathology; Psychiatry","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004377234,0.0001570532,0.0002155397,0.0001185392,0.0001160155,0.00007481334,0.0002232593,0.0000635219,0.0003459736],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00008454007,0.00013528,0.00007964831,0.0000921375,0.00003256303,0.0005815176,0.0002941331,0.0002014019,0.0001958648],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004133176,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002146051,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003715528,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000008327998,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9986549,0.00003086316,0.0003890123,0.00022558,0.0003718536,0.0003277918],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988577,0.0001510355,0.0001234224,0.0005513949,0.00009517065,0.0002212202],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001031256,0.000154233,0.9720137,0.0005101963,0.0003155201,0.000003294011,0.0004108136,0.0034374,0.00007754714,0.00003903569,0.001901958,0.0201051],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001949256,0.000237399,0.1126211,0.0001115237,0.0003744627,0.000002889256,0.0001636979,0.8808078,0.00003064156,0.0001978218,0.003382709,0.0001206488],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.7561279,0.0008952002,0.2326903,0.0001689107,0.0003522136,0.002853936,0.003236628,0.0001728343,0.003502056],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9108618,0.0002323755,0.06414604,0.0003688304,0.0002204861,0.00006142109,0.02315484,0.00004053592,0.0009136628],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.8773704,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.551656,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.08631620591382395,"score_gpt":0.3129766152346614,"score_spread":0.2266604093208374,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}