{"id":"W2996267771","doi":"10.15273/dmj.vol46no1.9827","title":"Tiotropium (SPIRIVA®) in mild COPD: Is it worth it?","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Dalhousie Medical Journal","topic":"Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) Research","field":"Medicine","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Dalhousie University","funders":"","keywords":"Medicine; COPD; Placebo; Tiotropium bromide; Randomized controlled trial; Adverse effect; Internal medicine; Quality of life (healthcare); Cochrane Library; Exacerbation; Physical therapy; Lung function; Lung; Alternative medicine","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","research_integrity","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.001056528,0.0003229422,0.0006943455,0.0004651354,0.0001214346,0.00007069993,0.0005723964,0.0003369428,0.04980595],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0006382821,0.0002621993,0.0002949603,0.0006106898,0.0003353572,0.0002133896,0.0002776094,0.002557784,0.002270483],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0006404883,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.002189732,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00008459021,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00006281312,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9941794,0.0002040751,0.0008562727,0.0005390163,0.003142608,0.001078598],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9970396,0.0001946817,0.0001665291,0.0005801667,0.0002486313,0.001770352],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001256358,0.001466157,0.6068478,0.0007371418,0.0003278725,0.01110045,0.001568557,0.00001585947,0.0006469498,0.0001866783,0.3020754,0.07377078],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.01129398,0.0004506116,0.6440271,0.001781257,0.0001129345,0.003531857,0.00122342,0.003164798,0.000173122,0.0003520349,0.3333717,0.0005171541],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.904683,0.001714997,0.0001365645,0.06710043,0.001115424,0.0006665512,0.00002996573,0.00004815583,0.02450491],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9639158,0.001416278,0.000374603,0.01903753,0.002344879,0.00002040732,0.00004646916,0.0001032799,0.01274082],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.07325362,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.999983,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.02390961597958595,"score_gpt":0.3268266988116666,"score_spread":0.3029170828320807,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}