{"id":"W2996837618","doi":"10.1093/jcag/gwz043","title":"The Law and Ethics of Switching from Biologic to Biosimilar in Canada","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of the Canadian Association of Gastroenterology","topic":"Biosimilars and Bioanalytical Methods","field":"Immunology and Microbiology","cited_by":18,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Crohn's and Colitis Canada","keywords":"Biosimilar; Obligation; Business; Position (finance); Law and economics; Political science; Medicine; Law; Public relations; Economics; Finance","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001681082,0.00007338872,0.0003213861,0.00006865412,0.00008303202,0.000005789004,0.0003041875,0.0001986859,0.00003818293],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0006946041,0.00004260768,0.00007014989,0.00008070479,0.00007028317,0.000020696,0.00005031248,0.000603447,7.998792e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005825781,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0006604089,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.7864237,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9986491,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9982936,0.000840815,0.0004673366,0.00007969546,0.00006656976,0.0002520242],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9982664,0.0007752316,0.0006273838,0.000123629,0.0001581656,0.00004918077],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001735893,0.000009196703,0.9804961,0.000004313191,0.000182774,0.00000126226,0.0001533424,0.00001966921,0.01671657,0.0004958975,0.001598879,0.0001483864],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001308347,0.0005933332,0.9742784,0.00008146986,0.00007096054,0.00001929324,0.0005146756,0.00001343251,0.00435072,0.00100028,0.01770072,0.00006835515],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9488905,0.0001406302,0.000006910223,0.04982433,0.0008779794,0.00008362257,0.00006466224,4.71457e-7,0.0001109156],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9926197,0.00003963771,0.0001289693,0.007131319,0.00001387019,3.719451e-7,7.341906e-7,0.000003298424,0.00006207983],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2122254,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2621711,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01081132298066118,"score_gpt":0.2347926002966538,"score_spread":0.2239812773159926,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}