{"id":"W2998325279","doi":"10.3390/app10010365","title":"Detection of Internal Holes in Additive Manufactured Ti-6Al-4V Part Using Laser Ultrasonic Testing","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Applied Sciences","topic":"Additive Manufacturing Materials and Processes","field":"Engineering","cited_by":61,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"Special Project for Research and Development in Key areas of Guangdong Province; Nanjing University; Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities; Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Province; Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Materials science; Laser; Ultrasonic sensor; Laser Doppler vibrometer; Ultrasonic testing; Rayleigh wave; Nondestructive testing; Acoustics; Optics; Laser power scaling; Surface wave","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001364717,0.0001195582,0.000159576,0.00005132809,0.00007899422,0.00005695912,0.0001543145,0.00003946062,0.00008344872],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00006281251,0.000105104,0.00001816266,0.0002531824,0.000161295,0.0001220092,0.00002977419,0.00009477541,0.000008154319],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002012843,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001817882,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003787681,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00002241076,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9992546,0.00001189462,0.0001978612,0.0001962816,0.0001458611,0.0001934962],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997045,0.0001280844,0.00006507499,0.00004419441,0.00001569093,0.00004248916],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002978121,0.00001527196,0.0003624484,0.0001789162,0.00001912488,0.000005453788,0.001028649,0.09966327,0.8780466,0.00005312986,0.00007723562,0.02052015],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001149565,0.00003535403,0.001718639,0.00005274819,0.000005405885,0.000002088173,0.0003500993,0.006451421,0.9904918,0.0003315451,0.0003167418,0.0001292168],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9929729,0.00003123924,0.003651546,0.000009543562,0.0001365021,0.00009260097,0.00003017018,0.00008640976,0.00298906],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9987391,0.000007337043,0.001053745,0.00004990776,0.0001257916,0.000009206817,0.000002146322,0.00001037354,0.000002372706],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1124452,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4286016,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.03341047925391179,"score_gpt":0.2288389033165787,"score_spread":0.195428424062667,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}