{"id":"W2999844820","doi":"10.1080/00131857.2020.1712550","title":"On historical thinking and the history educational challenge","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Educational Philosophy and Theory","topic":"Educator Training and Historical Pedagogy","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":95,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Historical thinking; Historicity (philosophy); Discipline; Critical thinking; Sociology; Conceptual history; Context (archaeology); Epistemology; Intellectual history; Historiography; Quantitative history; Political history; Pedagogy; Social science; History; Law; Politics; Political science; Archaeology; Philosophy","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.007580365,0.0003374429,0.0003263673,0.002132612,0.011281,0.009313461,0.001170186,0.003273896,0.004790571],"category_scores_gemma":[0.008565078,0.0001440334,0.0002472581,0.002325585,0.07958326,0.006623877,0.004888411,0.006554738,0.0004651612],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0264071,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.03126638,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.2570917,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.2695335,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9934524,0.003604539,0.000122332,0.0004390582,0.001451946,0.0009296967],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.991661,0.005788189,0.0004121634,0.0002719301,0.0009960972,0.0008706419],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000003349097,0.000008268094,0.000301878,0.00003013135,0.000001336129,0.00008161164,0.02601193,0.0001157982,0.00003905454,0.9624901,0.004203839,0.006712634],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00000709583,0.00001768747,0.001816681,0.0007095418,0.00000629806,0.0001795695,0.06893515,0.0004046693,0.0002770427,0.5878252,0.3397917,0.00002936709],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.05108133,0.01967825,0.007441724,0.3554475,0.001067492,0.00003339611,0.00005461208,0.00004820846,0.5651475],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9210367,0.0124427,0.003042411,0.02440624,0.0006212418,0.00003499336,0.00002820564,0.00005223103,0.03833522],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.2570917,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5111905,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.1145448357764971,"score_gpt":0.3252212189366216,"score_spread":0.2106763831601245,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}