{"id":"W3000501046","doi":"10.1212/wnl.0000000000009107","title":"Disease modification and biomarker development in Parkinson disease","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Neurology","topic":"Parkinson's Disease Mechanisms and Treatments","field":"Medicine","cited_by":134,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Toronto Western Hospital","funders":"National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute; Canadian Glycomics Network; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canadian Institutes of Health Research; Avid Radiopharmaceuticals; Parkinsonfonden; National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases; College of Engineering, Michigan State University; National Institutes of Health; Ipsen; Dystonia Medical Research Foundation Canada; Medical Research Council; Servier; EMD Serono; Evelyn Trust; Janssen Pharmaceuticals; Novo Nordisk; University of Toronto; Edmond J. Safra Philanthropic Foundation; Idorsia Pharmaceuticals; H. Lundbeck A/S; Rosetrees Trust; Parkinson's UK; Parkinson Canada; Academy of Medical Sciences; Department of Health and Social Care; National Institute for Health and Care Research; Mersana Therapeutics; Australian Government; University of Cambridge; Ultragenyx Pharmaceutical; PTC Therapeutics; Acorda Therapeutics; National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences; US WorldMeds; Québec Consortium for Drug Discovery; Allergan; Sarepta Therapeutics; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Consortium canadien en neurodégénérescence associée au vieillissement; Target ALS; Weston Brain Institute; Prothena; Michael J. Fox Foundation for Parkinson's Research; Jazz Pharmaceuticals; Vertex Pharmaceuticals; Wellcome Trust; American Academy of Neurology; Fondation Brain Canada; Ontario Brain Institute; Michigan State University; McGill University; Genome British Columbia; Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research; CHDI Foundation; Bristol-Myers Squibb; Teva Pharmaceutical Industries; National Parkinson Foundation; Axial Biotherapeutics; Pfizer; Biogen; National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke; Chiesi Farmaceutici; Sunovion; Yale University; Avanir Pharmaceuticals; U.S. Department of Defense; University of Alabama at Birmingham; Canada First Research Excellence Fund; Massachusetts General Hospital; UCB Pharma; National Space Biomedical Research Institute; University of Alabama; NIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre; Cystic Fibrosis Foundation; Eli Lilly and Company; Buck Institute for Research on Aging; Sanofi; Ministère de l'Économie, de la Science et de l'Innovation - Québec; American Parkinson Disease Association; Genentech; AstraZeneca; Johns Hopkins University; Parkinson Society Canada; Boston Scientific Corporation; GlaxoSmithKline; U.S. Department of Commerce","keywords":"Disease; Synucleinopathies; Biomarker; Clinical trial; Parkinson's disease; Alpha-synuclein; Medicine; Drug trial; Neuroscience; Bioinformatics; Psychology; Pathology; Biology; Genetics","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.05188002,0.000765996,0.003211184,0.001162084,0.0005689361,0.003777252,0.00165542,0.002593286,0.002084511],"category_scores_gemma":[0.04996113,0.0003825046,0.001837793,0.001801786,0.002351262,0.003946271,0.002153589,0.003182517,0.0006447334],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.002114212,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.003243732,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001246965,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001322532,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9760634,0.01706763,0.002036733,0.001756747,0.002607515,0.0004679988],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.975524,0.01287687,0.003724125,0.002457525,0.004595054,0.000822416],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.009400337,0.001120978,0.05475668,0.006002012,0.003775118,0.0001859975,0.0004886833,0.001734692,0.001925166,0.0220967,0.01586389,0.8826498],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.009953081,0.05383009,0.1458063,0.01844101,0.01358525,0.002057582,0.001309959,0.0100004,0.01810438,0.1622437,0.5639278,0.0007404546],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.07152739,0.8256213,0.02044639,0.05659615,0.008530796,0.001670027,0.001368532,0.0002202284,0.01401914],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.6532652,0.2275137,0.05869108,0.04276382,0.007765584,0.002961202,0.002132357,0.0001112469,0.0047959],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.05188002,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.274371,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.06716632705193326,"score_gpt":0.3276394893705371,"score_spread":0.2604731623186038,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). 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