{"id":"W3002697080","doi":"10.2118/199744-ms","title":"Perforating Trends, Technology and Evaluation in North America","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"SPE Hydraulic Fracturing Technology Conference and Exhibition","topic":"Hydraulic Fracturing and Reservoir Analysis","field":"Engineering","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Oncolytics Biotech (Canada)","funders":"","keywords":"Casing; Wellbore; Perforation; Petroleum engineering; Completion (oil and gas wells); Geology; Cluster (spacecraft); Pressure drop; Computer science; Engineering; Mechanical engineering; Mechanics; Physics","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002922747,0.0004107504,0.0002677341,0.00328072,0.0009779657,0.002092872,0.0006951099,0.00052491,0.002608968],"category_scores_gemma":[0.003735816,0.0002193669,0.0003744394,0.005135575,0.0009281664,0.001326854,0.001058718,0.0004533787,0.000519564],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.006053661,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.006254976,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.06023634,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.06917202,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9974793,0.000366887,0.0001423787,0.0003135848,0.001438698,0.000259251],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.992928,0.0008085236,0.0008451513,0.0002144276,0.00475014,0.0004538281],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0007033903,0.001070098,0.200129,0.001340995,0.0001019467,0.001489217,0.002958065,0.008180317,0.04137992,0.00966737,0.008115201,0.7248645],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00009615653,0.007572911,0.6066033,0.000763808,0.0002405231,0.001972223,0.01463112,0.01046173,0.05643697,0.003518914,0.2975321,0.0001702032],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.893859,0.008245741,0.01277398,0.001613152,0.0001127681,0.001157178,0.001744734,0.0008336553,0.07965981],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9465688,0.007871614,0.02500368,0.0004311927,0.00002953325,0.000557191,0.001875549,0.00007909541,0.01758335],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9397637,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1197714,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01436125651250547,"score_gpt":0.2290378244418532,"score_spread":0.2146765679293478,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}