{"id":"W3003292801","doi":"10.1080/0163853x.2019.1700760","title":"Interpretation of Discourse Connectives Is Probabilistic: Evidence From the Study of <i>But</i> and <i>Although</i>","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Discourse Processes","topic":"Speech and dialogue systems","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":24,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Simon Fraser University","funders":"","keywords":"Ambiguity; Interpretation (philosophy); Comprehension; Coherence (philosophical gambling strategy); Meaning (existential); Linguistics; Probabilistic logic; Computer science; Natural language processing; Semantics (computer science); Logical connective; Relation (database); Psychology; Artificial intelligence; Mathematics","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0207995,0.0005988647,0.0004950634,0.001272458,0.001641784,0.004203585,0.00138619,0.001616934,0.004479245],"category_scores_gemma":[0.1796464,0.001140825,0.0004485926,0.001166248,0.007039003,0.01012959,0.003938577,0.002487066,0.0005551878],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0007274408,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0009969833,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001466939,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001146131,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9835228,0.009360581,0.0007956272,0.002662184,0.003278695,0.0003800809],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.6872402,0.2578337,0.03016716,0.01525465,0.008206517,0.001297597],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.007853044,0.001209237,0.2045447,0.005333894,0.001147905,0.001735783,0.1014361,0.007049702,0.1709693,0.2154693,0.002556137,0.280695],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007934304,0.001674182,0.4872041,0.0009527718,0.001006501,0.004736003,0.01580549,0.02975949,0.0476805,0.3917984,0.01816342,0.0004256318],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9071995,0.001947024,0.05533841,0.002339593,0.00007749489,0.0001338288,0.0001933892,0.0001300941,0.03264058],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9924386,0.0004458834,0.006445267,0.000192575,0.00006002887,0.00005690833,0.00008616634,0.00006406363,0.0002105875],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.0207995,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1099996,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.03827736900970941,"score_gpt":0.306500817544834,"score_spread":0.2682234485351246,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}