{"id":"W3003972504","doi":"10.1017/jfm.2020.17","title":"Negative skin friction during transition in a zero-pressure-gradient flat-plate boundary layer and in pipe flows with slip and no-slip boundary conditions","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Fluid Mechanics","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Turbulent Flows","field":"Engineering","cited_by":18,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta; Royal Military College of Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Boundary layer; Mechanics; Slip (aerodynamics); Pressure gradient; Adverse pressure gradient; Materials science; Parasitic drag; Boundary layer thickness; Boundary layer control; Blasius boundary layer; Flow separation; Physics; Thermodynamics","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001928128,0.0002055152,0.0003386035,0.0002595214,0.0000918811,0.00009064567,0.00007161248,0.0001097899,0.00001545623],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002172858,0.0001947996,0.00005349587,0.0002650177,0.00001914229,0.0004571305,0.00002016982,0.000494371,0.00000216844],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00009558943,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004556174,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001573261,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001071839,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9988596,0.00004350726,0.0004630036,0.0001761296,0.0002229715,0.0002347375],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995623,0.00003581654,0.00008066474,0.00008016411,0.00007854743,0.0001625381],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001199853,0.0001399849,0.0002681985,0.0006684838,0.0003507418,0.0005055855,0.009304001,0.4778759,0.5078222,0.0008654135,0.0003452224,0.000654362],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002604501,0.0003349865,0.002274949,0.000288681,0.00007655818,0.0002211735,0.0001467361,0.9877594,0.004658128,0.0009191988,0.0004754601,0.0002402756],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9860727,0.001186497,0.01183756,0.0002614754,0.0002928032,0.0002124549,0.00004175301,0.00003016547,0.00006457908],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9973823,0.00102939,0.001340774,0.00008711455,0.0001028502,0.000007096372,0.000007991157,0.00003594549,0.000006567817],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.5098834,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7943698,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.006097691888730392,"score_gpt":0.1888508523881817,"score_spread":0.1827531604994513,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}