{"id":"W3006578162","doi":"10.1016/j.istruc.2020.01.030","title":"Core confinement and cover spalling in square and rectangular SCC and SFRC columns","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Structures","topic":"Structural Behavior of Reinforced Concrete","field":"Engineering","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"McGill University; University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Ductility (Earth science); Transverse plane; Materials science; Spall; Core (optical fiber); Reinforcement; Concrete cover; Square (algebra); Composite material; Fiber; Structural engineering; Geometry; Engineering; Mathematics; Creep","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00002272206,0.0001647996,0.0001959984,0.00004194602,0.00003936959,0.0000591228,0.00005368902,0.00007982303,0.0001060763],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002596234,0.0001608849,0.0000144602,0.00007702821,0.00006861663,0.00006478218,0.00004804658,0.0001648297,7.440005e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001774525,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000006873936,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00005714546,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001532652,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9993613,0.000006660053,0.0001493507,0.0001953276,0.0001070902,0.0001802638],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997388,0.000027762,0.00002093422,0.00008131228,0.00001322297,0.0001179402],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003500333,9.745104e-7,0.2834087,0.002392422,0.000321687,0.0005119378,0.02135283,0.02133951,0.5388474,0.0127382,0.00216615,0.1165702],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.006608895,0.0005512079,0.7907974,0.0003128394,0.0002137557,0.0002034897,0.00279807,0.1005406,0.08044426,0.003591313,0.01172756,0.002210654],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9975024,0.001665314,0.00006500619,0.00008486555,0.0000841261,0.0002102819,0.00002311143,0.00008786705,0.0002769965],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9983397,0.0001607314,0.001273247,0.0001307825,0.00005029696,0.000004668247,0.000008605533,0.00002068156,0.00001130224],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.5073887,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6560698,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.02474359534422764,"score_gpt":0.2319869978764245,"score_spread":0.2072434025321969,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}