{"id":"W3007702632","doi":"10.1093/fampra/cmaa017","title":"An introduction to clustered data and multilevel analyses","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Family Practice","topic":"Health disparities and outcomes","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":17,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary; University of Toronto; Alberta Children's Hospital; Sunnybrook Health Science Centre","funders":"Heart and Stroke Foundation of Canada","keywords":"Medicine; Data science","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0008459282,0.00006295072,0.0001142237,0.00002494391,0.0003537668,0.0001648658,0.0002940323,0.00004734781,0.00004550033],"category_scores_gemma":[0.006635857,0.00006163588,0.000009329012,0.0001684616,0.00004452922,0.001560145,0.0001218856,0.0001135382,0.00005099329],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002694605,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000117504,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.008801837,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0006841534,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9986848,0.0003671276,0.0001508186,0.000339031,0.0002384675,0.0002198024],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987619,0.0003966437,0.00006690661,0.0003095182,0.00007844445,0.0003865825],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0006016801,0.0002663791,0.008908074,0.0001882953,0.0001091808,0.00003148001,0.09211973,0.0002131623,0.001283268,0.01658061,0.7152978,0.1644003],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001200829,0.00004242571,0.02239453,0.000002801566,0.00003152999,5.371652e-7,0.03177685,0.001700922,0.000005952863,0.00001678584,0.9438224,0.00008517505],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","genre_codex":"commentary","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.09570954,0.0004646264,0.01075637,0.883791,0.0009524172,0.0005157008,0.0001023009,0.0001741699,0.007533932],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.879802,0.0003377295,0.01494038,0.1008354,0.003840854,0.000006198851,0.00003391091,0.00001172848,0.0001917542],"genre_candidate":"commentary","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7840925,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9977986,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.3329153945872642,"score_gpt":0.5131688998604215,"score_spread":0.1802535052731573,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}