{"id":"W3008870150","doi":"10.5539/ies.v13n3p90","title":"The Contribution of Education Expenditure in Saudi Universities to Achieve Economic Development","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Education Studies","topic":"Fiscal Policy and Economic Growth","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":4,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Human capital; Economics; Investment (military); Government (linguistics); Economics education; Public economics; Capital expenditure; Economic growth; Human resources; Human development (humanity); Government spending; Government expenditure; Education economics; Higher education; Classical economics; Macroeconomics; Education policy; Political science; Public finance; Finance; Management; Market economy","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007424626,0.000136839,0.0001503998,0.001276172,0.0003964285,0.001774933,0.0001985191,0.0003060913,0.002623918],"category_scores_gemma":[0.004670551,0.00007843939,0.0002690812,0.001421703,0.000281783,0.0005217633,0.0008874197,0.0006173239,0.0003394188],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.002558071,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.002554492,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.03170051,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.02740068,"domain_scores_codex":[0.999398,0.0001397738,0.00004121329,0.00003174879,0.0001353762,0.0002539437],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.996867,0.0008813017,0.0008450712,0.00008516698,0.0008262973,0.0004952167],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000271897,0.0001396824,0.9068686,0.0002800879,0.0001523425,0.0004583886,0.0009929155,0.006012071,0.0006794395,0.01877363,0.003657959,0.06171298],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000008557158,0.0000628962,0.9756265,0.0001294436,0.00007829709,0.0001756672,0.002880036,0.004558285,0.0008686586,0.001723631,0.01387336,0.00001464422],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9764615,0.002030822,0.0003836598,0.002898494,0.00004544441,0.0000125426,0.0005066556,0.00001124204,0.0176497],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9970791,0.0006062719,0.00008321052,0.00005549749,0.00001689843,0.000002797686,0.0001361344,0.000002088225,0.002017987],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.03170051,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.06303197,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.04564163024651329,"score_gpt":0.2995737751982415,"score_spread":0.2539321449517282,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}