{"id":"W3008938823","doi":"10.1137/19m1251941","title":"Optimal Closures in a Simple Model for Turbulent Flows","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"SIAM Journal on Scientific Computing","topic":"Fluid Dynamics and Turbulent Flows","field":"Engineering","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"McMaster University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Mathematics; Closure (psychology); Closure problem; Turbulence modeling; Applied mathematics; Large eddy simulation; Simple (philosophy); Sobolev space; Turbulence; Divergence (linguistics); Viscosity; Mathematical optimization; Mathematical analysis; Mechanics; Physics","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0009502767,0.0006383501,0.001138595,0.0006320712,0.0005075212,0.001355505,0.0008555121,0.001339586,0.0008222692],"category_scores_gemma":[0.003334098,0.0004654379,0.0009016782,0.0003100094,0.001749872,0.002020765,0.001616534,0.001149251,0.0001463178],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0007262435,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001081597,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001710396,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001260414,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9994869,0.0001527698,0.00002753471,0.00009929237,0.0001760841,0.00005736177],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993223,0.0003408653,0.0001290086,0.00007485005,0.00006804563,0.00006501423],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002783589,0.00004258235,0.0002784822,0.00005830444,0.00001110361,0.00006803167,0.00005999807,0.7951639,0.004801132,0.1959522,0.000329826,0.003206615],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000005900873,0.000009924357,0.00003566133,0.000004153929,0.000001949386,0.00001000201,0.000004758744,0.978113,0.0003063065,0.02118825,0.0003143257,0.000005770527],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.04622039,0.0003230915,0.949825,0.0002216697,0.00005302213,0.00004007714,0.00008132562,0.0001198988,0.003115504],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8467367,0.0004476762,0.1483494,0.0001158783,0.00008173336,0.0002054332,0.0001670748,0.0001343381,0.003761786],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.001710396,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.005269229,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.02564602161547145,"score_gpt":0.2486486590536028,"score_spread":0.2230026374381314,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}