{"id":"W3009729700","doi":"10.1158/1055-9965.epi-19-1346","title":"The Key Characteristics of Carcinogens: Relationship to the Hallmarks of Cancer, Relevant Biomarkers, and Assays to Measure Them","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers & Prevention","topic":"Carcinogens and Genotoxicity Assessment","field":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology","cited_by":113,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Nova Scotia Cancer Centre","funders":"National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences; National Institutes of Health; California Environmental Protection Agency; World Health Organization","keywords":"Carcinogenesis; Cancer; Identification (biology); Computational biology; Carcinogen; Cancer biomarkers; Hazard; Bioinformatics; Biology; Medicine; Risk analysis (engineering); Internal medicine; Genetics","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002050047,0.0002081366,0.0003956921,0.00003729881,0.0002014935,0.000009160954,0.0003182264,0.0002077838,0.00001859302],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001395546,0.0001422766,0.0001981302,0.000235006,0.0002213617,0.000005217369,0.0002242236,0.0001272269,0.000002358608],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000513676,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001857819,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0003992593,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001097603,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9975839,0.0007477212,0.0007226871,0.0004770657,0.0001482403,0.0003203488],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9983566,0.0003446406,0.0004568264,0.0004417225,0.0002237977,0.0001764296],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001380859,0.00004024796,0.6784503,0.0001215932,0.001074301,8.599608e-7,0.0004243263,0.0001224594,0.2486997,0.0004802783,0.02030291,0.04890224],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005366731,0.0004938698,0.9378934,0.0001671154,0.000284767,0.000004870957,0.0003550443,0.0003113049,0.02162638,0.0003518309,0.03769533,0.0002794535],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9363791,0.01738877,0.006291203,0.03796342,0.0004401162,0.001143979,0.0002878185,0.00001075997,0.00009488472],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9940976,0.002963977,0.001175529,0.001203054,0.0001996909,0.0001815736,0.00006434923,0.00002166829,0.00009255421],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2594431,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5801871,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.0689058833321833,"score_gpt":0.3341805811452753,"score_spread":0.265274697813092,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}