{"id":"W3009975891","doi":"10.1002/jsde.12404","title":"Interfacial Activity of Bitumen Components","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Surfactants and Detergents","topic":"Petroleum Processing and Analysis","field":"Chemistry","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Syncrude (Canada); University of Toronto","funders":"Syncrude","keywords":"Asphaltene; Chemistry; Adsorption; Surface tension; Drop (telecommunication); Langmuir; Freundlich equation; Asphalt; Volume (thermodynamics); Toluene; Heptane; Chemical engineering; Thermodynamics; Chromatography; Organic chemistry; Composite material; Materials science","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0000957978,0.0001030596,0.0003459627,0.00004282602,0.00003876885,0.00002401344,0.0001420134,0.00005083576,0.0002202553],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00004788999,0.00008100135,0.0001168533,0.00007879811,0.00003593394,0.0001698709,0.00004979184,0.0001614989,0.000002225014],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001371358,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002593655,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000009840602,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":7.368455e-7,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9991311,0.00001588838,0.0003646792,0.0001009151,0.0002686401,0.0001187376],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999189,0.0000202231,0.0004736128,0.00005922922,0.00008407074,0.0001738156],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002614621,0.00008336772,0.06701803,0.00009353604,0.0001574943,0.00001833049,0.0002092521,0.00001012647,0.9134991,3.061621e-7,0.00004427306,0.01860478],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002920188,0.000298025,0.03540887,0.0004071258,0.0003060445,0.00005728512,0.0002555611,0.003855543,0.9515563,0.00004526111,0.004534131,0.0003556343],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9988174,0.0002184969,0.0001120273,0.0001314605,0.00006231044,0.000002360758,0.00001820212,0.000005354901,0.0006324134],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9995249,0.0001356885,0.0001227575,0.00003700459,0.00007357509,8.341821e-8,6.356424e-7,0.000007853753,0.00009751142],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.0380573,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.330314,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.03491842676124105,"score_gpt":0.2529335915847348,"score_spread":0.2180151648234937,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}