{"id":"W3010122169","doi":"10.1002/path.5406","title":"The path to a better biomarker: application of a risk management framework for the implementation of PD‐L1 and TILs as immuno‐oncology biomarkers in breast cancer clinical trials and daily practice","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"The Journal of Pathology","topic":"Cancer Immunotherapy and Biomarkers","field":"Medicine","cited_by":226,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia; Ontario Institute for Cancer Research; BC Cancer Agency","funders":"Chugai Pharmaceutical; Genentech; National Breast Cancer Foundation; Puma Biotechnology; Novartis Pharma; EMD Serono; Mersana Therapeutics; Incyte; Taiho Pharmaceutical; Genomic Health; Daiichi Sankyo Europe; Breast Cancer Research Foundation; World Health Organization; GlaxoSmithKline; Celgene; Bayer; Bristol-Myers Squibb; Eli Lilly and Company; AstraZeneca; Amgen; Pfizer","keywords":"Medicine; Oncology; Breast cancer; Biomarker; Clinical Practice; Internal medicine; Clinical trial; Clinical Oncology; Cancer; Medical physics; Family medicine","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.01914884,0.000228063,0.001795928,0.0001651918,0.000100402,0.00001474951,0.0003139699,0.0002605234,0.00001563315],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001029005,0.0001025116,0.0004153206,0.0003600906,0.0003844918,0.00004474751,0.0001141888,0.0004746264,5.500968e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001191073,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003515575,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002227899,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00006325802,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9932518,0.003548064,0.002559437,0.0002173233,0.0002226948,0.0002006813],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9820473,0.012747,0.004591352,0.0003607338,0.000190348,0.00006324188],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.01235619,0.00007393009,0.00026848,0.0008981004,0.002939416,0.00002108193,0.0008165088,8.049498e-8,0.0001057265,0.00007003819,0.0006814795,0.981769],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.005056857,0.0018748,0.01487145,0.002643054,0.01187738,0.002343207,0.00537571,0.000008740064,0.000009363131,0.0005980961,0.9551837,0.0001576369],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.0025766,0.9746967,0.00287351,0.01584554,0.0003958059,0.003394301,0.0001966719,0.000002643368,0.00001824087],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.001724927,0.9947752,0.002111425,0.0009293201,0.0002140366,0.0002123827,0.000006057814,0.00002429731,0.000002395431],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9816113,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6636644,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.0819935595309814,"score_gpt":0.5147935023912429,"score_spread":0.4327999428602615,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}