{"id":"W3010327940","doi":"10.1016/j.fuel.2020.117502","title":"Dynamics of emulsion generation and stability during heavy oil displacement with chemicals and nanoparticles: Qualitative analysis using visual 2D data","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Fuel","topic":"Enhanced Oil Recovery Techniques","field":"Engineering","cited_by":17,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; BASF","keywords":"Emulsion; Chemical engineering; Wetting; Nanofluid; Surface tension; Microemulsion; Chemistry; Inert; Pulmonary surfactant; Materials science; Nanoparticle; Organic chemistry","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001862462,0.0002171397,0.000209957,0.001187864,0.0002053281,0.0005733832,0.0003005759,0.0003688069,0.003741045],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005233308,0.0001994526,0.0002414065,0.0007543234,0.0003263104,0.0003758174,0.0002386962,0.000328197,0.0003733706],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004321398,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002907158,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.005377358,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.004657242,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9998986,0.000003923215,0.000004022054,0.00001608156,0.00005450036,0.00002293388],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997062,0.0001177187,0.00003878894,0.00001817999,0.00009008562,0.00002906684],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0008953974,0.0001763722,0.01528512,0.0003971957,0.00004293839,0.0006409246,0.001000772,0.05251353,0.8794673,0.001741859,0.001544503,0.04629402],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00003375724,0.0002882165,0.07442265,0.00003477548,0.00002936524,0.0003517223,0.0008704716,0.4251554,0.4931109,0.001126998,0.004391687,0.0001840622],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9771087,0.0001889964,0.01652224,0.00008411786,0.00002091644,0.00003544787,0.002588645,0.0005102028,0.002940823],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99157,0.0001589925,0.005847903,0.000015032,0.000004780086,0.00002645653,0.0009850006,0.00008317992,0.001308674],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.005377358,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.01251507,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.03983184969485406,"score_gpt":0.3209444092642152,"score_spread":0.2811125595693612,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}