{"id":"W3011014312","doi":"10.1016/j.path.2020.01.002","title":"Unsupervised Machine Learning in Pathology","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Surgical pathology clinics","topic":"AI in cancer detection","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":43,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"University Health Network; University of Toronto; Princess Margaret Cancer Centre","funders":"Brain Tumour Charity; Princess Margaret Cancer Foundation","keywords":"Workflow; Artificial intelligence; Computer science; Unsupervised learning; Deep learning; Machine learning; Pathology; Data science; Medicine; Database","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","research_integrity"],"consensus_categories":["research_integrity"],"category_scores_codex":[0.001792083,0.0006065603,0.002960974,0.0003754183,0.0001077255,0.00005426099,0.001733704,0.001499965,0.00006242883],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000626971,0.0005387505,0.00071953,0.001360694,0.0002149128,0.0001540578,0.001119809,0.003750696,0.0006907913],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002149392,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0005050798,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000004476559,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001395164,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9928624,0.002897686,0.001648756,0.001635929,0.000276673,0.0006785379],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9962113,0.001954017,0.0006346223,0.000935905,0.00005869956,0.0002053959],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000008650794,0.00004941553,0.00007189359,0.0007492706,0.00001785254,0.01196831,0.00007794818,0.00001310392,5.949229e-8,0.001011223,0.00002774522,0.9860045],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005940374,0.0003434847,0.0000107123,0.0006201516,0.00006841847,0.002295248,0.000002627306,0.002566443,1.283129e-7,0.0008712725,0.9921476,0.0004798651],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.00001317964,0.9886011,0.006982099,0.0003815772,0.002059411,0.0004869561,0.00001605604,0.0004556803,0.001003932],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.00003307148,0.9954455,0.003485644,0.0002604408,0.0003489165,0.0001225415,0.00005824944,0.00006575591,0.0001798897],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9921198,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9997963,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.06632603134284286,"score_gpt":0.3633848483618555,"score_spread":0.2970588170190126,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}