{"id":"W3011154449","doi":"10.1126/science.aay6690","title":"The genetic architecture of the human cerebral cortex","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Science","topic":"Genetic Associations and Epidemiology","field":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology","cited_by":887,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Holland Bloorview Kids Rehabilitation Hospital; University of Calgary; McGill University; Douglas Mental Health University Institute; Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital; University of Toronto; SickKids Foundation; Hospital for Sick Children","funders":"Cilag; FP7 Ideas: European Research Council; NIH Clinical Center; U.S. National Library of Medicine; National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering; National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke; National Institute of General Medical Sciences; National Institute of Mental Health; National Institute on Aging; National Human Genome Research Institute; Helmholtz Zentrum München; European Regional Development Fund; National Health and Medical Research Council; Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council; European Social Fund; Medical Research Council; Maryland Population Research Center, University of Maryland; Horizon 2020 Framework Programme; University of California, Irvine; University of California, San Diego; Gillings School of Public Health; Directorate-General for Research and Innovation; Genentech; Directorate for Biological Sciences; National Institutes of Health; Max Planck Instituut voor Psycholinguïstiek; Macquarie Group Foundation; Heinz Nixdorf Stiftung; Epilepsy Society; IXICO; Freistaat Sachsen; Damp Stiftung; Servier; National Healthcare Group; Instituto de Investigación Marqués de Valdecilla; Medizinische Universität Graz; National Center for Research Resources; Federalno Ministarstvo Obrazovanja i Nauke; Mutuelle Générale de l'Education Nationale; Universidade Estadual de Campinas; Université de Bordeaux; University of New South Wales; Radboud Universitair Medisch Centrum; Universitair Medisch Centrum Groningen; Universitetet i Bergen; Helse Midt-Norge; Oesterreichische Nationalbank; F. Hoffmann-La Roche; University of Toronto; Stanley Medical Research Institute; Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality; University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust; Erasmus Medisch Centrum; Radboud Universiteit; Russian Foundation for Basic Research; Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam; Neuraxpharm; Vetenskapsrådet; Norges Teknisk-Naturvitenskapelige Universitet; Universiteit Utrecht; Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China; ZonMw; NSW Health; National Natural Science Foundation of China; National Medical Research Council; Norges Forskningsråd; Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur Förderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung; Stockholms Läns Landsting; National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute; Universiteit Leiden; H. Lundbeck A/S; European Federation of Pharmaceutical Industries and Associations; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale; Australian Schizophrenia Research Bank; Nederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek; Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft; University of Galway; Science Foundation Ireland; Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo; Canadian Institutes of Health Research; Knut och Alice Wallenbergs Stiftelse; European Commission; Scottish Funding Council; Massachusetts General Hospital; University College London; Helse Sør-Øst RHF; Max-Planck-Gesellschaft; King's College London; National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases; Lieber Institute for Brain Development; Alzheimer's Association; Pfizer; EU Joint Programme – Neurodegenerative Disease Research; Fresenius Medical Care North America; QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute; Austrian Science Fund; National Institute for Health and Care Research; Pratt Foundation; Trinity College Dublin; University of Bristol; Foundation for the National Institutes of Health; National Alliance for Research on Schizophrenia and Depression; Health Research Board; Northern California Institute for Research and Education; Michael J. Fox Foundation for Parkinson's Research; Sanofi; Eisai; Leids Universitair Medisch Centrum; Development of Innovative Strategies for a Transdisciplinary approach to ALZheimer's disease; Sunovion; Sylvia and Charles Viertel Charitable Foundation; Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation; Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative; Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology; Simons Foundation; School of Medicine, Boston University; Agence Nationale de la Recherche; Wellcome Trust; Fondation de l'Avenir pour la Recherche Médicale Appliquée; National Institute on Drug Abuse; Age UK; Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development; University of Southern California; Mission Interministérielle de Lutte Contre les Drogues et les Conduites Addictives; Fondation Leducq; National Science Foundation; BioClinica; Kavli Foundation; Ramsay Health Care; Biogen; Hersenstichting; U.S. Department of Defense; Eli Lilly and Company; Bristol-Myers Squibb; U.S. Department of Health and Human Services; Mayo Clinic; GlaxoSmithKline; Karolinska Institutet; U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs; U.S. Department of Energy; Cardiff University; Howard Hughes Medical Institute; Meso Scale Diagnostics; Fondation pour la Recherche Médicale; South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust; Fondation de France; Brain and Behavior Research Foundation; National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences; Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung; Bergens Forskningsstiftelse; Karl-Franzens-Universität Graz; Svenska Forskningsrådet Formas; Center of Excellence for Stress and Mental Health","keywords":"Neuroscience; Cerebral cortex; Biology; Cortex (anatomy); Functional magnetic resonance imaging; Human brain; Genetic architecture; Gene; Genetics; Quantitative trait locus","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004337541,0.0001539379,0.0003524607,0.00002032938,0.0004545992,0.00002124762,0.001386017,0.000136622,0.00000456649],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004415183,0.00007457254,0.0002669117,0.0003441665,0.0009784882,5.572008e-7,0.0004842153,0.0001837263,0.000006309874],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0000184905,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000596581,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000006641325,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00002630235,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9986724,0.0001790458,0.0003299728,0.000368839,0.0001796742,0.0002701163],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988551,0.00004108614,0.0003562139,0.0006297098,0.00006111111,0.0000567405],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[8.691393e-7,0.00001219988,0.0006382602,0.0003037414,0.00005814727,4.688119e-7,0.00003589676,0.00001627983,0.001842681,0.0002446391,0.001451355,0.9953955],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00002801104,0.00004540438,0.004797545,0.0001008248,0.0000561456,0.00001331944,0.000008066401,0.000003262003,0.00003870392,0.0002269203,0.9945891,0.00009272999],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.001126976,0.9974018,0.00008295809,0.0001909207,0.0002878596,0.0002942168,0.00002175339,0.000002993047,0.0005905017],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.003517956,0.9952449,0.0003149554,0.0001081334,0.0002070718,0.00002446882,0.00001015817,0.00001359222,0.0005587947],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9953027,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3605281,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.02169387638962951,"score_gpt":0.3196245951313482,"score_spread":0.2979307187417187,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). 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