{"id":"W3011539761","doi":"10.1017/psrm.2020.8","title":"Voting at 16: Does lowering the voting age lead to more political engagement? Evidence from a quasi-experiment in the city of Ghent (Belgium)","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Political Science Research and Methods","topic":"Electoral Systems and Political Participation","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":21,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Université de Montréal","funders":"","keywords":"Voting; Suffrage; Leverage (statistics); Politics; Political science; Demographic economics; Social psychology; Psychology; Economics; Law; Statistics","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.008296375,0.0003883799,0.0007405275,0.0002918146,0.001432811,0.001415782,0.001147785,0.001215775,0.008102873],"category_scores_gemma":[0.01085308,0.0004723055,0.0006464762,0.0004770112,0.002313186,0.0005700206,0.0007126548,0.001020252,0.0008733889],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001492773,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001590213,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.05518717,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.06002629,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9919228,0.006416941,0.0001240677,0.0007429043,0.0002731347,0.0005201895],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.985338,0.008141001,0.003085363,0.001647643,0.000610877,0.001177043],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.07450141,0.0698228,0.7317181,0.001553957,0.003252068,0.001240577,0.03129479,0.0030981,0.01283743,0.006153225,0.01096263,0.05356488],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.004441489,0.01979332,0.9546968,0.0001144542,0.0006789957,0.0000749987,0.009698647,0.001723217,0.001578005,0.001252004,0.00586532,0.00008268138],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9985789,0.00005274952,0.000179991,0.0001134366,0.0000202088,0.0001110053,0.0002019754,0.000005398646,0.0007362998],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9979423,0.00003694291,0.0003642807,0.0001355182,0.00001307114,0.0003233925,0.0002283315,0.000007088528,0.0009491137],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.05518717,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1097319,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.4281743845628291,"score_gpt":0.5892127976823313,"score_spread":0.1610384131195021,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}