{"id":"W3013605954","doi":"10.2196/17984","title":"Clinical Text Data in Machine Learning: Systematic Review","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"JMIR Medical Informatics","topic":"Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare and Education","field":"Medicine","cited_by":367,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council; Medical Research Council","keywords":"Machine learning; Computer science; Artificial intelligence; Natural language processing; Bottleneck; Information retrieval","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.4199594948799194,"score_gpt":0.57648193156965,"score_spread":0.1565224366897306,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}