{"id":"W301381734","doi":"","title":"Internet Denial of Service Attacks: Legal, Technical and Regulatory Issues","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Legal Ethical and Regulatory Issues","topic":"Cybercrime and Law Enforcement Studies","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"The Internet; Denial-of-service attack; Internet privacy; Computer security; Revenue; Business; Government (linguistics); Denial; Stalking; Internet service provider; Service (business); Computer science; Law; Political science; World Wide Web; Finance","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0009143818,0.0002402369,0.0006106343,0.0001450188,0.0001363038,0.0001457153,0.0005305629,0.00034684,0.0000154838],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00008803358,0.0001744576,0.0001422757,0.000213293,0.0005507472,0.0007278484,0.0004836967,0.0009036877,0.000003430302],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004496316,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001286462,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0004709766,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0001783717,"domain_scores_codex":[0.997806,0.0001040613,0.0008048572,0.0002933329,0.0007269024,0.0002649105],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9986849,0.0001089328,0.0003264984,0.0003054712,0.0003638094,0.0002104217],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003053441,0.0003304321,0.0009456055,0.0004294905,0.0003623797,0.0002563197,0.005672987,0.0001583823,0.02103886,0.948878,0.01612602,0.005496146],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00596962,0.003716217,0.09134329,0.002552058,0.000348552,0.003038462,0.001019622,0.0004334676,0.06601281,0.04584587,0.7783053,0.001414749],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9030179,0.01244744,0.002431158,0.08025786,0.0005263495,0.0001576522,0.000002669324,0.00007167194,0.001087274],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9906648,0.0006152043,0.005532713,0.002099479,0.000397056,0.000001427627,4.917854e-7,0.00001266906,0.000676104],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9030322,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7114175,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.02096618055943347,"score_gpt":0.2965563797856557,"score_spread":0.2755901992262222,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}