{"id":"W3013819230","doi":"10.3390/bios10040030","title":"Graphene Oxide Nanoribbons in Chitosan for Simultaneous Electrochemical Detection of Guanine, Adenine, Thymine and Cytosine","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Biosensors","topic":"Advanced biosensing and bioanalysis techniques","field":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology","cited_by":31,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"The Scarborough Hospital; University of Toronto","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canadian Network for Research and Innovation in Machining Technology, Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Ontario Ministry of Research, Innovation and Science; Canada Research Chairs; University of Toronto; Canada Foundation for Innovation","keywords":"Graphene; Nanocomposite; Guanine; Oxide; Covalent bond; Carbon nanotube; Chemistry; Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; Thymine; High-resolution transmission electron microscopy; Electrochemistry; Nuclear chemistry; Cytosine; Aptamer; Materials science; Electrode; Transmission electron microscopy; Chemical engineering; Nanotechnology; DNA; Organic chemistry; Physical chemistry","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00004780981,0.0001669305,0.0002364016,0.00006477954,0.00003349058,0.000006440036,0.00007843354,0.0001669594,2.573897e-7],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003643751,0.0001520912,0.00009617647,0.0002400853,0.00007919702,0.000002729606,0.00003962741,0.00007586122,1.280028e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000005316893,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001442876,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001153847,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00004390303,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9990576,0.00002470323,0.0002654976,0.000367006,0.00008020949,0.0002050033],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995839,0.00003502112,0.0001043206,0.0001466584,0.00005268498,0.00007742342],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003675067,0.00003659673,0.000433792,0.00002554589,0.00002982681,0.000002535553,0.00001363965,0.000006861193,0.9979684,0.00001495463,0.0000184494,0.001081913],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004783772,0.0005904149,0.0003527995,0.00001240591,0.00003244829,0.00001570834,0.0000391679,0.0007953076,0.9966871,0.0000245931,0.0007947688,0.0001768911],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9954029,0.0003270066,0.003639288,0.0003297164,0.00001336886,0.00020233,0.00002629813,0.00003276772,0.00002629164],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9919302,0.0002495778,0.0074426,0.0001571329,0.0001121994,0.00000775136,0.00006506623,0.00002036923,0.0000150679],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.003803313,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6202101,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.007572192717336854,"score_gpt":0.2393628728361064,"score_spread":0.2317906801187695,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}