{"id":"W3014249820","doi":"10.1007/978-981-15-1804-1_11","title":"Biocrude Oil Production via Hydrothermal Liquefaction of Algae and Upgradation Techniques to Liquid Transportation Fuels","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"","topic":"Thermochemical Biomass Conversion Processes","field":"Engineering","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Saskatchewan","funders":"","keywords":"Hydrothermal liquefaction; Liquefaction; Biomass (ecology); Biofuel; Waste management; Algae fuel; Hydrothermal circulation; Environmental science; Pulp and paper industry; Chemistry; Biodiesel; Catalysis; Chemical engineering; Organic chemistry; Engineering; Ecology; Biology","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00004248311,0.0003027955,0.0001745528,0.0003648799,0.000152616,0.0004518388,0.0002739569,0.0002422146,0.004840783],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00004013011,0.0001487328,0.0002294662,0.0006694857,0.0001614474,0.0006311024,0.000289652,0.0004404324,0.002235814],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003479764,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001487233,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0005938383,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00190928,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9999638,0.000001614219,0.000001606384,0.000006784056,0.00002125015,0.000005032462],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9999899,0.000003159761,0.000001160318,0.000001601341,0.000003155551,0.000001026976],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005083513,0.0001128381,0.0001259377,0.0005515037,0.000007777448,0.0002192791,0.0001297155,0.0009554754,0.6878978,0.01667386,0.004309298,0.2889656],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000005479255,0.0001254235,0.0007253761,0.0001045271,0.00001347283,0.0003503417,0.00004859815,0.001994838,0.798876,0.002260311,0.1954857,0.000009948937],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.2403497,0.08365601,0.07207342,0.0008453325,0.001065634,0.0001567838,0.000696999,0.0006902203,0.6004659],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.2727934,0.06170442,0.02835634,0.0002274247,0.0001283461,0.0000830006,0.0007642544,0.0002622255,0.6356806],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.004840783,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.01619405,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.00827913077395985,"score_gpt":0.1968242832508033,"score_spread":0.1885451524768434,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}