{"id":"W3014483912","doi":"10.1109/lascas51355.2021.9459170","title":"Hardware Trojan with Frequency Modulation","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"","topic":"Physical Unclonable Functions (PUFs) and Hardware Security","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Victoria","funders":"","keywords":"Hardware Trojan; Trojan; Side channel attack; Field-programmable gate array; Robustness (evolution); Computer science; Embedded system; Hardware security module; Identification (biology); Power consumption; Electronic circuit; Computer hardware; Computer security; Power (physics); Engineering; Cryptography; Electrical engineering","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002381068,0.0004192746,0.0002817932,0.0005838681,0.0002769772,0.0004392243,0.0004944031,0.0006384121,0.00183166],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00128686,0.0001893738,0.0003246661,0.0003305546,0.0008132089,0.000736095,0.0004298569,0.000584998,0.0003780471],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003662207,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002329308,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001321709,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000154145,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9995634,0.00007490267,0.00002553885,0.00006286479,0.0002061316,0.00006719639],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992316,0.0002584749,0.0001960696,0.0002281129,0.00007124451,0.00001459468],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0004217359,0.00009895682,0.002397235,0.0005869463,0.00006118255,0.00111517,0.0002707899,0.03521533,0.6334941,0.1071932,0.002103124,0.217042],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00007883342,0.001542825,0.003223516,0.0002092045,0.0001140168,0.005868163,0.00007197923,0.1935119,0.7202744,0.02632285,0.04870112,0.00008109375],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.3940794,0.003639348,0.5662633,0.0007049259,0.0002417198,0.0001911698,0.0001153979,0.003729723,0.03103503],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9567905,0.0007229996,0.03761889,0.0001866209,0.00004475111,0.00005167505,0.00004097755,0.00007053746,0.004473067],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00183166,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.006127477,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01564404804982874,"score_gpt":0.22451324317576,"score_spread":0.2088691951259313,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}